To build on what Mr. Shapekahm states, what serves as ballast is mounded up towards the track centerline. This helps any water that falls on the road bed drain to either side of the track, moving quickly away from the road and rails, and ideally only a very small amount penetrates below the track. This prevents undermining the roadbed.
Over time, the design of the roadbed became the focus of engineers, who gradually lifted the roadbed up slightly from the adjacent landscape, tamped and compacted the underlying soil (to the extant that years of train travel did not do so), and introduced freely draining rock ballast to both bed the ties and move the water away to ditches now carved on either side of the track within the right of way.
While I enjoy nature, and like to see it preserved, all of this track engineering has created miles-long wetlands that parallel our railroads.
I can only observe that Mr. Dandy must be experiencing a bumpy ride as he spirits the depot drawings past the section gang to the next depot where an express train awaits.
Keith Hayes
Leadville in Sn3